Canada’s immigration system has faced sustained pressure in recent years, with global demand and post-pandemic disruptions pushing processing volumes to record highs. At its peak in 2022, the backlog exceeded 2.4 million applications.
By early 2025, data reflected a shift toward more timely processing. As of March 31, the number of overdue applications stood at approximately 835,500 — a notable decrease compared to previous periods. While the total inventory still exceeds 2.1 million, more than 60% of applications are now being processed within the department’s official service standards. If the current trend continues, further improvement in processing timelines across key categories may follow.
How IRCC Measures and Reports Backlogs
IRCC defines a backlog as any application not processed within its service standard. For example, Express Entry applications are expected to be finalized within six months, while family sponsorships follow a 12-month target. The department aims to complete 80% of all applications within these benchmarks.
As of the latest update, 60.2% of all applications fall within those timelines. While this represents progress, some streams continue to experience delays.
As of the latest update, 60.2% of all applications fall within those timelines. While this represents progress, some streams continue to experience delays.
Where the Backlog Stands Today
The current status of the backlog varies by category. As of March 2025, IRCC was processing approximately 871,000 permanent residence files. Just under 60% of these were within service standards. However, certain programs continue to experience delays: about 25% of Express Entry cases and over one-third of PNP submissions via Express Entry remain outside target timelines.
Temporary residence shows a mixed picture. Around 980,000 requests are currently in progress, with 43% exceeding service standards. Visitor visas continue to be the slowest-moving stream, with roughly two-thirds processed beyond expected timelines. Work permits show relative improvement, though 34% are still delayed — the lowest level since mid-2023, but wait times remain a consideration.
Citizenship applications remain the most stable. As of March, only 6% fall outside processing benchmarks, indicating consistent performance in this stream.
Temporary residence shows a mixed picture. Around 980,000 requests are currently in progress, with 43% exceeding service standards. Visitor visas continue to be the slowest-moving stream, with roughly two-thirds processed beyond expected timelines. Work permits show relative improvement, though 34% are still delayed — the lowest level since mid-2023, but wait times remain a consideration.
Citizenship applications remain the most stable. As of March, only 6% fall outside processing benchmarks, indicating consistent performance in this stream.
What’s Driving the Change?
Much of the recent progress stems from IRCC’s ongoing modernization efforts. Over the past year, the department has expanded its use of digital tools, automation, and data-driven systems to streamline low-complexity cases and assist decision-making. It has also increased staffing and prioritized high-demand streams, such as work permits, in response to labour market needs.
These combined efforts have resulted in more predictable timelines across several categories. However, for applicants, especially in business immigration, accuracy, preparation, and timing remain essential as evaluation becomes more rigorous.
These combined efforts have resulted in more predictable timelines across several categories. However, for applicants, especially in business immigration, accuracy, preparation, and timing remain essential as evaluation becomes more rigorous.
What This Means for Business Immigration
For business immigration applicants, particularly those targeting the Start-up Visa program, these shifts highlight the importance of careful planning. While overall processing has improved, delays persist in areas like visitor visas and Express Entry, which are often part of broader business immigration strategies.
As the system continues to evolve, well-prepared applications with clear business value and alignment to current immigration policy will stand out. Our team continues to monitor these developments and supports clients in building strong, competitive applications under the Start-up Visa and other business immigration pathways.
Stay connected with us for updates on how these changes may affect future planning under the Start-up Visa program.
As the system continues to evolve, well-prepared applications with clear business value and alignment to current immigration policy will stand out. Our team continues to monitor these developments and supports clients in building strong, competitive applications under the Start-up Visa and other business immigration pathways.
Stay connected with us for updates on how these changes may affect future planning under the Start-up Visa program.